Saturday, January 25, 2020
Bush Essay -- essays research papers
George Bush is not content with the United States being the top dog. His snarling at one international accord after another besmirches the United States and makes the world a more dangerous place. When Bush nixed at the ABM treaty, the comprehensive test ban treaty, the biological weapons protocol, and the small-arms convention, he sent an unmistakable signal that the United States doesn't care about arms control. This will only encourage other nations to bolster their own arsenals, and the arms race will accelerate on every track. And when Bush led the United States out of the Kyoto accord on global warming, he turned Washington into a laughingstock, with 178 nations on one side and the United States on the other. By not requiring U.S. companies, which produce a huge chunk of the world's carbon dioxide, to curb their emissions, Bush showed a reckless disregard for the environmental health of the planet. Like many know-nothings, Bush believes the United States is better than any other country. They're foreigners; what do they know? So what if 178 nations disagree with us? We've got the Holy Grail. We're so different from all these other nations that our interests can't possibly coincide with theirs. After returning from Europe on his first trip, he bragged to Peggy Noonan, his dad's speechwriter, that he stood down more than twenty leaders (no matter they were our allies) so he could stand up for America. Bush also has Kissinger's phobia: the morbid fear that other countries will drag U.S. soldiers or statesmen to The Hague or elsewhere for prosecution. Belgium is already trying to get its hands on Kissinger, and Bush wants to make sure that Americans elude any court outside our borders. The one job Bush takes seriously is that of chief executive of the corporate class. Boeing, Lockheed, and Philip Morris want to be able ply their wares without interference from any international body, so Bush undercuts those bodies at every opportunity. The World Health Organization, for instance, is trying to get countries to sign on to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which would, among other things, limit advertising, raise cigarette taxes, eliminate subsidies, and consider the possibility of expanding the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice so that tobacco companies could be tried for crimes against humanity. Tobacco killed four million p... ...to boycott the Kyoto protocol could cost U.S. companies business in the area of environmental technology." So even if Bush's ultimate objective is to boost the bottom line of U.S. corporations, he may be going about it the wrong way. Note that I haven't even mentioned the appointment of extremists like John Ashcroft and Theodore Olson, who will be advising Bush about whom to appoint to the federal bench; or Gale Norton, the James Watt protà ©gà ©e now heading the Interior Department, who believes polluters should be trusted to be self-policing; or Andrew Card, the automobile industry's chief lobbyist, now Chief of Staff; or Michael Powell, the new head of the FCC, who has no interest in moderating media mergers. And I haven't said a word about so-called social issues. We should not be surprised by the predatory nature of U.S. foreign policy. Until the U.S. government and until the American people get over their superiority complex, until they understand that United States and most other nations have common interests that transcend borders and jingos, that cooperation not domination is the way of the future, the foreign policy of the United States will have a familiar snarl.
Friday, January 17, 2020
Law Enforcement Essay
Methodology In recent years, a trend has developed in law enforcement to encourage education. Several major police departments across the world are encouraging officers to seek advanced education (either a bachelor’s or associate’s degree) before joining the force and many other departments are verbally encouraging their officers to seek continuing education in everything from additional languages to police procedures. This education is being promoted in addition to the required stint at a police academy for what amounts to an on-the-job training program. This study is to determine if education level makes a difference in job attainment and promotion levels. The study discussed here will look at two measures of the impact of education on law enforcement. First, it will attempt to identify the impact that education has on recruitment and promotion within law enforcement. This will be a quantitative study to see if education leads to higher attainment in the field and more rapid promotion through the field. Second, it will attempt to measure the effect of education on the effectiveness of perceived effectiveness of the law enforcement officer. This portion of the study will be attempt to determine if education makes law enforcement officers better at what they do. For the purpose of this quantitative study, formal education will be defined as an attainment of tertiary level of education either represented by a bachelor’s, associates, technical degree, or the completion of formal training programs developed by professional or educational institutions. The study excludes the completion of police officer training as an acquired formal education because it is a requirement of the profession and subject to independent standards. Continuing education will then be defined as an acquisition of additional education beyond defined minimum standards of formal education (West Sussex County Council, 2006). In the event that an agency requires a minimum education level to achieve employment that fact will be noted as a factor within the study results. For example, the Illinois State Police require that applicants have attained at least a bachelor’s degree. In the event that other police agencies have similar requirements they will be noted in the study results. In an attempt to answer these questions, the researcher will evaluate the education levels held by law enforcement officials at varying levels of responsibility. Law enforcement officers who receive their position by virtue of election rather than merit or appointment will be removed from the study (largely sheriffs) as this could skew the results in a manner that does not reflect the standards of professional law enforcement.  In some forms of American law enforcement, the preeminent administrative office (sheriff or chief of police) is an elected position and based more on politics than on law enforcement ability. Approach to Research As the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of education on employability and promotion of law enforcement, one aspect of the study will be to determine the rate at which education affects promotion within the department.  First, the study will attempt to determine if applicants hoping to become law enforcement officers are more likely to be hired if they have achieved additional education.  Then, it will attempt to determine if that education leads to their faster promotion within the agency. Within peer groups with like job assignments, the study will also attempt to determine if education affects leadership abilities or perceived leadership abilities. For example, the researcher will attempt to determine if among all patrol officers those with greater educational achievement are the de facto leaders within the organization. This will be a quantitative study done using employment records of several different police agencies. Demographic data will be gathered from employment records and surveys will be submitted to law enforcement personnel to ask those in charge of hiring and promotion decision what factors they consider when selecting officers for promotion. The study will also use personal records to identify officers that have received commendations for meritorious service or been disciplined for inappropriate police behaviors as these factors should be included as indicators of the effectiveness of police officers as it relates to their education level. In addition to the questionnaire submitted to police personnel, the researcher will conduct interviews with several individuals responsible for the selection and promotion of police officers to acquire anecdotal evidence regarding the usefulness of education in attaining and retaining employment in law enforcement. Once the data is compiled from the employment records, a multivariate analysis will be conducted to determine the impact of education on the promotional process. The study will necessarily look at other factors which may impact promotion rates including union membership, length of service, gender, and work history. The second phase of the analysis will be qualitative in using the interviews and questionnaires from law enforcement officers and those who hire them to discuss the factors that contribute to preference in hiring and promotion. This section will be used to identify the second part of the research question, regarding the effectiveness of officers with additional education as opposed to those who do not have additional education. The study will also consider the data collected regarding merit commendations and disciplinary actions. This information will be used to track attitudes about educational importance. In the studies finding, this information will be compared to the actual data culled from personnel records to determine if perceptions and reality are coinciding. Hypotheses The primary research question is how the attainment of education affects the law enforcement officer in terms of employability, promotion and effectiveness on the job. To that end, the following questions have been identified as needing answers. Each question has been paired with the hypotheses it most closely ties to. Q1.    What are the standards used to determine the value of educational attainment? H1 °Ã‚       Inclusion of formal education standards improves standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H1ÃŽ ±Ã‚      Inclusion of formal education standards does not improve standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H2 °Ã‚     Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H3 °Ã‚     Existing educational programs are sufficient to support formal education requirements for officers. H3ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Existing educational programs are insufficient to support formal education requirements for officers. H4 °Ã‚     Existing promotional programs and retention rates reflect the value of educated officers H4ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Existing promotional programs and retention rates do not reflect the value of educated officers. Another question that the research will attempt to resolve is whether formal education makes officers into leaders. This will be primarily determined by the discussion of the leadership among peer groups. Q2.    Is formal education a determinant of superiority amongst peer officers? H2 °Ã‚     Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. Q3.    What motivational programs are in place to encourage higher or continuing education among police officers? H2 °Ã‚     Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. Q4.     What are the determinants of successful employment of educated officers? H1 °Ã‚       Inclusion of formal education standards improves standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H1ÃŽ ±Ã‚      Inclusion of formal education standards does not improve standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H2 °Ã‚     Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚     Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers.   Works Consulted Bartel, Ann and David Lewin. â€Å"Wages and Unionism in the Public Sector: The Case of Police†, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 63, No. 1. (Feb., 1981), pp. 53-59. Lowenthal, Werner. â€Å"Continuing Education for Professionals: Voluntary or Mandatory?†, The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 52, No. 5. (Sep. – Oct., 1981), pp. 519-538. Wellman, Carl. â€Å"Upholding Legal Rights†Ethics, Vol. 86, No. 1. (Oct., 1975), pp. 49-60. Â
Thursday, January 9, 2020
Every Country Economic Growth Is Depends Finance Essay - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 953 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Different writer was given different aspects about the bank. Now-a-days the modern bank has been performing number of functions; it has become very challenging to give an exact definition of a bank. There is some common and important used definitions of a bank are given below:- A commercial banker is a seller in money and substitutes for money, such as bill or checks of exchange. It also provides a variety of financial service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Every Country Economic Growth Is Depends Finance Essay" essay for you Create order These finance companies have established to role in various areas such as hire purchase, housing, finance and leasing. These companies have also allowed doing the capital market transaction such as share buying and selling, portfolio management, custodial services and market making. when this bank was registered as a joint venture companies operation. Today the Bank is leading in a part of standard charted group and also this company has 75% of ownership with 25% shared purchased by the Nepalese public. The bank is having own enjoyment of having the largest share in their hand and status of big international bank currently operation in Nepal. financial company in the country. They opened 16 points of representation branch and 17 ATMs all over the country and they have 350 local staff in Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Ltd. They are providing good service for customer through a domestic network. In addition, through the global network of standard charted group, this gives the bank to do transaction in international banking in a Nepal country. This company makes the public to easy to do transaction domestic or internationally Nepal Investment Bank Limited (NIBL), previous NIBL was the name of Nepal Indosuez Bank Ltd. this bank was established in 1986 as a joint venture between French and Nepalese partners. The French partner was holding 50% capital of NIBL and was credit Agricole Indosuez., a subsidiary of one of the large banking group in the world. On April 2002 Agricole Indosuez was divest the mind the sell the shares and group of bankers, professional and some of the industrials and business man acquire the 50% of his share. Then after the name of bank has been changed Nepal Indosuez Bank Ltd to Nepal Investment Bank Ltd. From the general board meeting, Nepal Rastra Bank and Company Registered office with the following shareholding structure. The company group is holding 50% of the capital Rastriya Banijya Bank holding 15% of the Capital Rastriya Beema Sansthan is holding 15% of the capital. The remaining 20% of capital owned by general public Risk and uncertainty are an important part of an investment decision. General scenario, higher risk mean higher return. Risk is defined as Websters as a hazard; exposure to loss or injury. Thus, risk refers to the chance that some negative event will occur. It anybody engage in skydiving, such people are taking chance with his life skydiving is risky. In the most basic sense, risk is the chance of having a big financial loss or having big financial profit. Assets having greater chance of loss are representing a more risky than those with lesser chances of loss. More formally, the term risk is used interchangeably with uncertainty to refer to the variability of returns associated with a given asset. Risk in holding securities is generally related with the possibility that realized returns will be less than the returns that were expected. The source of such disappointment is the failure of dividends (interest) and / or the securitys price to materialize as expected. The market risk is known as the systematic risk. It related to the market as a whole and arises from the tendency of stock returns to fluctuate with the market returns. Systematic risk is that portion of total changeability in return affected by market factors that simultaneously affected the prices of all securities. It cannot be diversifiable away. Thus Beta measure non-diversifiable risk. Beta shows how the price of a security moves to the moves of market forces. In effect, higher beta means the market is high sensitive and low beta means the market is less sensitive. Beta is calculating by the help of relating the returns on security with the returns for the market. Beta can be positive or negative. But nearly all bets are positive. The word Research is composed of two syllables, re and search. The dictionary defines the former as a prefix meaning again, a new or over again and the later as a verb meaning to examine closely and carefully, to test and try, or to probe. Together they form a noun describing a careful, systematic, patient study and investigation in some field of knowledge, undertaken to establish facts or principles. (Grinnell 1993; 4) According to Grinnell: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ'†¹Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"research is a structured inquiry that utilizes acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems and creates new knowledge that is generally applicable.ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢(1993) and Lundberg (1942) draw a parallel between the social research process, which is considered scientific, and the process that we use in our daily lives. Research is one of the ways of collecting accurate, sound and reliable information about the effectiveness of your interventions, thereby providing you with evidence of its effectiveness. As service providers and professionals, we use techniques and procedures developed by research methodologists to consolidate, improve, develop, refine and advance clinical aspects of our practice to serve our clients better. Return on two perfectly correlated stocks, these two stocks would be moving up and down together and a portfolio consisting of two such stocks would be exactly the same as risky as the individual stocks. Most of the stocks are correlated with the risk, but not perfectly. On average the returns on two stocks would lie on the range of +0.4 and+0.75 under this condition combining stocks into portfolios reduce risk but does not eliminated
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