Emerging Market-The Challenges And Opportunities Investing In China Essay

Emerging Market-The Challenges And Opportunities Investing In China - Essay Example It is evident that the emerging markets have flexed their muscles in the global arena, and their effect is expected to increase the more. Companies that have invested in these markets have enjoyed and are continuing to enjoy revenues that emanate from these transactions. China is among the emerging markets that has contributed a great mile to the spending of a huge clientele-base, and that has also attracted numerous multi-national companies (MNCs). With the country expected to dominate the global market by the year 2030, challenges are also not devoid from these transactions. This essay shall attempt to discuss the concept of ‘emerging markets’ using the case study of China. Additionally the essay shall keenly analyze the opportunities and threats facing the investors that are likely to invest in this emerging market. 2.0. Body 2.1. Definition of ‘emerging market’ In the thought of Beridze (2008), emerging markets refer to the nations that have actively bee n involved in business activities that have seen their fast growth as well as a huge development in the industrialization process. Among these countries that are termed to be emerging range from Brazil to China. As seen in the research conducted by Palepu & Khanna (2010), China has retained her position as the third in the list of the emerging markets. ... A good example is China that is export-driven with strong capital inflows and investments from well-capitalized banking institutions. Jain (2006) indicates that the markets are expected to stabilize by the day. Additionally, the growth of the world’s economy is expected to emanate from the emerging markets, and 70% of the growth is anticipated according to the economists (Kvint, 2009). Despite the varying interpretations of the term, the fact about the entire aspect is that emerging markets have been instrumental in recording an increase in the capital share in the world economy, and that their GDP is on the increase. As seen in figure 1, China may be defined as an emerging market as emerging markets are ones that are undergoing transformations from third world countries to developed countries, whilst their markets are now reduced to free markets from the state dominated ones (Enderwick, 2012). On another viewpoint, Mody (2004) says that emerging markets are slowly freeing up both internally and externally, due to the processes of economic reforms, that need to incorporate the rapid economic growth. It is evident that the country has opted to increase their role in the market, and minimize the chances that the government will have avenues to control the planning of the market. Pragmatic ideologies have in this case taken the day in the case of China’s economy. Its emergence cannot be alienated from the fact that the country has shed more energy in perfecting its contribution in the manufacturing industry as opposed to other countries that have opted to focus on the service industry whilst others in the agricultural sector. Figure 1: Real GDP growth (%) in the BRIC and US economies Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (International Monetary

Program Evaluation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Program Evaluation - Research Paper Example eir programs strengths and weaknesses, provide recommendation for improvement and opportunities to excel in providing an excellent, safe and healthy environment for all. Their quality of doing business and quality of providing a safe and healthy environment for their workers and their customer alike would be evaluated in this report. Keywords: Procter & Gamble – P&G, Occupational Safety and Health Association – OSHA, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health – NIOSH, Health, Safety & Environmental – HS&E, Fast moving consumer goods – FMCG, policies, employee safety, product safety. Procter & Gamble (P&G) is a globally recognized name of a multinational FMCG company. Fortune Magazine has given it a ranking of No. 6 amongst the â€Å"Global Most Admired Companies†, further it ranks No. 2 among â€Å"Top Companies for Leaders†. Bloomberg Businessweek has ranked P&G as No. 12 amongst the â€Å"World’s Most Innovative Companies†. When it comes to sustainability it is amongst the top ranks from 2000 to 2010 consecutively at the Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes and in 2011 it ranked No. 13 as the â€Å"Most Sustainable Corporations in the World† (www.Pg.com, 2011). P&G takes pride in it diverse workforce which lay standards for its unique culture and has been a source of its recognition and success. P&G seeks to be the best consumer products and services company in the world. P&G’s current Safety and Health policy includes having safe and healthy operations around the world, protecting the life and health of its employees and surrounding communities, protecting its assets, ensuring business continuity and engenders public trust (P&G, 2009). P&G’s Environmental Quality Policy states that they strive to improve the environmental quality of their products, packaging and operations globally. As per their Environmental Quality Policy P&G has always strive to achieve clean, safe and incident free operations at all of its globally spread

Bush Essay -- essays research papers

George Bush is not content with the United States being the top dog. His snarling at one international accord after another besmirches the United States and makes the world a more dangerous place. When Bush nixed at the ABM treaty, the comprehensive test ban treaty, the biological weapons protocol, and the small-arms convention, he sent an unmistakable signal that the United States doesn't care about arms control. This will only encourage other nations to bolster their own arsenals, and the arms race will accelerate on every track. And when Bush led the United States out of the Kyoto accord on global warming, he turned Washington into a laughingstock, with 178 nations on one side and the United States on the other. By not requiring U.S. companies, which produce a huge chunk of the world's carbon dioxide, to curb their emissions, Bush showed a reckless disregard for the environmental health of the planet. Like many know-nothings, Bush believes the United States is better than any other country. They're foreigners; what do they know? So what if 178 nations disagree with us? We've got the Holy Grail. We're so different from all these other nations that our interests can't possibly coincide with theirs. After returning from Europe on his first trip, he bragged to Peggy Noonan, his dad's speechwriter, that he stood down more than twenty leaders (no matter they were our allies) so he could stand up for America. Bush also has Kissinger's phobia: the morbid fear that other countries will drag U.S. soldiers or statesmen to The Hague or elsewhere for prosecution. Belgium is already trying to get its hands on Kissinger, and Bush wants to make sure that Americans elude any court outside our borders. The one job Bush takes seriously is that of chief executive of the corporate class. Boeing, Lockheed, and Philip Morris want to be able ply their wares without interference from any international body, so Bush undercuts those bodies at every opportunity. The World Health Organization, for instance, is trying to get countries to sign on to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which would, among other things, limit advertising, raise cigarette taxes, eliminate subsidies, and consider the possibility of expanding the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice so that tobacco companies could be tried for crimes against humanity. Tobacco killed four million p... ...to boycott the Kyoto protocol could cost U.S. companies business in the area of environmental technology." So even if Bush's ultimate objective is to boost the bottom line of U.S. corporations, he may be going about it the wrong way. Note that I haven't even mentioned the appointment of extremists like John Ashcroft and Theodore Olson, who will be advising Bush about whom to appoint to the federal bench; or Gale Norton, the James Watt protà ©gà ©e now heading the Interior Department, who believes polluters should be trusted to be self-policing; or Andrew Card, the automobile industry's chief lobbyist, now Chief of Staff; or Michael Powell, the new head of the FCC, who has no interest in moderating media mergers. And I haven't said a word about so-called social issues. We should not be surprised by the predatory nature of U.S. foreign policy. Until the U.S. government and until the American people get over their superiority complex, until they understand that United States and most other nations have common interests that transcend borders and jingos, that cooperation not domination is the way of the future, the foreign policy of the United States will have a familiar snarl.

Law Enforcement Essay

Methodology In recent years, a trend has developed in law enforcement to encourage education. Several major police departments across the world are encouraging officers to seek advanced education (either a bachelor’s or associate’s degree) before joining the force and many other departments are verbally encouraging their officers to seek continuing education in everything from additional languages to police procedures. This education is being promoted in addition to the required stint at a police academy for what amounts to an on-the-job training program. This study is to determine if education level makes a difference in job attainment and promotion levels. The study discussed here will look at two measures of the impact of education on law enforcement. First, it will attempt to identify the impact that education has on recruitment and promotion within law enforcement. This will be a quantitative study to see if education leads to higher attainment in the field and more rapid promotion through the field. Second, it will attempt to measure the effect of education on the effectiveness of perceived effectiveness of the law enforcement officer. This portion of the study will be attempt to determine if education makes law enforcement officers better at what they do. For the purpose of this quantitative study, formal education will be defined as an attainment of tertiary level of education either represented by a bachelor’s, associates, technical degree, or the completion of formal training programs developed by professional or educational institutions. The study excludes the completion of police officer training as an acquired formal education because it is a requirement of the profession and subject to independent standards. Continuing education will then be defined as an acquisition of additional education beyond defined minimum standards of formal education (West Sussex County Council, 2006). In the event that an agency requires a minimum education level to achieve employment that fact will be noted as a factor within the study results. For example, the Illinois State Police require that applicants have attained at least a bachelor’s degree. In the event that other police agencies have similar requirements they will be noted in the study results. In an attempt to answer these questions, the researcher will evaluate the education levels held by law enforcement officials at varying levels of responsibility.   Law enforcement officers who receive their position by virtue of election rather than merit or appointment will be removed from the study (largely sheriffs) as this could skew the results in a manner that does not reflect the standards of professional law enforcement.   In some forms of American law enforcement, the preeminent administrative office (sheriff or chief of police) is an elected position and based more on politics than on law enforcement ability. Approach to Research As the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of education on employability and promotion of law enforcement, one aspect of the study will be to determine the rate at which education affects promotion within the department.   First, the study will attempt to determine if applicants hoping to become law enforcement officers are more likely to be hired if they have achieved additional education.   Then, it will attempt to determine if that education leads to their faster promotion within the agency. Within peer groups with like job assignments, the study will also attempt to determine if education affects leadership abilities or perceived leadership abilities. For example, the researcher will attempt to determine if among all patrol officers those with greater educational achievement are the de facto leaders within the organization. This will be a quantitative study done using employment records of several different police agencies. Demographic data will be gathered from employment records and surveys will be submitted to law enforcement personnel to ask those in charge of hiring and promotion decision what factors they consider when selecting officers for promotion.   The study will also use personal records to identify officers that have received commendations for meritorious service or been disciplined for inappropriate police behaviors as these factors should be included as indicators of the effectiveness of police officers as it relates to their education level. In addition to the questionnaire submitted to police personnel, the researcher will conduct interviews with several individuals responsible for the selection and promotion of police officers to acquire anecdotal evidence regarding the usefulness of education in attaining and retaining employment in law enforcement. Once the data is compiled from the employment records, a multivariate analysis will be conducted to determine the impact of education on the promotional process. The study will necessarily look at other factors which may impact promotion rates including union membership, length of service, gender, and work history. The second phase of the analysis will be qualitative in using the interviews and questionnaires from law enforcement officers and those who hire them to discuss the factors that contribute to preference in hiring and promotion. This section will be used to identify the second part of the research question, regarding the effectiveness of officers with additional education as opposed to those who do not have additional education. The study will also consider the data collected regarding merit commendations and disciplinary actions. This information will be used to track attitudes about educational importance. In the studies finding, this information will be compared to the actual data culled from personnel records to determine if perceptions and reality are coinciding. Hypotheses The primary research question is how the attainment of education affects the law enforcement officer in terms of employability, promotion and effectiveness on the job. To that end, the following questions have been identified as needing answers. Each question has been paired with the hypotheses it most closely ties to. Q1.     Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the standards used to determine the value of educational attainment? H1 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion of formal education standards improves standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H1ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion of formal education standards does not improve standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H2 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H3 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Existing educational programs are sufficient to support formal education requirements for officers. H3ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Existing educational programs are insufficient to support formal education requirements for officers. H4 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Existing promotional programs and retention rates reflect the value of educated officers H4ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Existing promotional programs and retention rates do not reflect the value of educated officers. Another question that the research will attempt to resolve is whether formal education makes officers into leaders. This will be primarily determined by the discussion of the leadership among peer groups. Q2.     Ã‚  Ã‚   Is formal education a determinant of superiority amongst peer officers? H2 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. Q3.     Ã‚  Ã‚   What motivational programs are in place to encourage higher or continuing education among police officers? H2 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. Q4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the determinants of successful employment of educated officers? H1 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion of formal education standards improves standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H1ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion of formal education standards does not improve standards of recruitment, retention, compensation, and career development of police officers. H2 °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education affects the attitudes and perceptions of police officers. H2ÃŽ ±Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formal education does not affect the attitudes and perceptions of police officers.       Works Consulted Bartel, Ann and David Lewin. â€Å"Wages and Unionism in the Public Sector: The Case of Police†, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 63, No. 1. (Feb., 1981), pp. 53-59. Lowenthal, Werner. â€Å"Continuing Education for Professionals: Voluntary or Mandatory?†, The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 52, No. 5. (Sep. – Oct., 1981), pp. 519-538. Wellman, Carl. â€Å"Upholding Legal Rights† Ethics, Vol. 86, No. 1. (Oct., 1975), pp. 49-60.   

Every Country Economic Growth Is Depends Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 953 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Different writer was given different aspects about the bank. Now-a-days the modern bank has been performing number of functions; it has become very challenging to give an exact definition of a bank. There is some common and important used definitions of a bank are given below:- A commercial banker is a seller in money and substitutes for money, such as bill or checks of exchange. It also provides a variety of financial service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Every Country Economic Growth Is Depends Finance Essay" essay for you Create order These finance companies have established to role in various areas such as hire purchase, housing, finance and leasing. These companies have also allowed doing the capital market transaction such as share buying and selling, portfolio management, custodial services and market making. when this bank was registered as a joint venture companies operation. Today the Bank is leading in a part of standard charted group and also this company has 75% of ownership with 25% shared purchased by the Nepalese public. The bank is having own enjoyment of having the largest share in their hand and status of big international bank currently operation in Nepal. financial company in the country. They opened 16 points of representation branch and 17 ATMs all over the country and they have 350 local staff in Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Ltd. They are providing good service for customer through a domestic network. In addition, through the global network of standard charted group, this gives the bank to do transaction in international banking in a Nepal country. This company makes the public to easy to do transaction domestic or internationally Nepal Investment Bank Limited (NIBL), previous NIBL was the name of Nepal Indosuez Bank Ltd. this bank was established in 1986 as a joint venture between French and Nepalese partners. The French partner was holding 50% capital of NIBL and was credit Agricole Indosuez., a subsidiary of one of the large banking group in the world. On April 2002 Agricole Indosuez was divest the mind the sell the shares and group of bankers, professional and some of the industrials and business man acquire the 50% of his share. Then after the name of bank has been changed Nepal Indosuez Bank Ltd to Nepal Investment Bank Ltd. From the general board meeting, Nepal Rastra Bank and Company Registered office with the following shareholding structure. The company group is holding 50% of the capital Rastriya Banijya Bank holding 15% of the Capital Rastriya Beema Sansthan is holding 15% of the capital. The remaining 20% of capital owned by general public Risk and uncertainty are an important part of an investment decision. General scenario, higher risk mean higher return. Risk is defined as Websters as a hazard; exposure to loss or injury. Thus, risk refers to the chance that some negative event will occur. It anybody engage in skydiving, such people are taking chance with his life skydiving is risky. In the most basic sense, risk is the chance of having a big financial loss or having big financial profit. Assets having greater chance of loss are representing a more risky than those with lesser chances of loss. More formally, the term risk is used interchangeably with uncertainty to refer to the variability of returns associated with a given asset. Risk in holding securities is generally related with the possibility that realized returns will be less than the returns that were expected. The source of such disappointment is the failure of dividends (interest) and / or the securitys price to materialize as expected. The market risk is known as the systematic risk. It related to the market as a whole and arises from the tendency of stock returns to fluctuate with the market returns. Systematic risk is that portion of total changeability in return affected by market factors that simultaneously affected the prices of all securities. It cannot be diversifiable away. Thus Beta measure non-diversifiable risk. Beta shows how the price of a security moves to the moves of market forces. In effect, higher beta means the market is high sensitive and low beta means the market is less sensitive. Beta is calculating by the help of relating the returns on security with the returns for the market. Beta can be positive or negative. But nearly all bets are positive. The word Research is composed of two syllables, re and search. The dictionary defines the former as a prefix meaning again, a new or over again and the later as a verb meaning to examine closely and carefully, to test and try, or to probe. Together they form a noun describing a careful, systematic, patient study and investigation in some field of knowledge, undertaken to establish facts or principles. (Grinnell 1993; 4) According to Grinnell: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ'†¹Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"research is a structured inquiry that utilizes acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems and creates new knowledge that is generally applicable.ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢(1993) and Lundberg (1942) draw a parallel between the social research process, which is considered scientific, and the process that we use in our daily lives. Research is one of the ways of collecting accurate, sound and reliable information about the effectiveness of your interventions, thereby providing you with evidence of its effectiveness. As service providers and professionals, we use techniques and procedures developed by research methodologists to consolidate, improve, develop, refine and advance clinical aspects of our practice to serve our clients better. Return on two perfectly correlated stocks, these two stocks would be moving up and down together and a portfolio consisting of two such stocks would be exactly the same as risky as the individual stocks. Most of the stocks are correlated with the risk, but not perfectly. On average the returns on two stocks would lie on the range of +0.4 and+0.75 under this condition combining stocks into portfolios reduce risk but does not eliminated

Literary Analysis Of Great Expectations - 1443 Words

Charles Dickens is a well-known author famous for his skillful and distinctive writing style. One of the novels in which Dickens best demonstrates his masterful style is Great Expectations. In this book, many literary elements are employed to develop a cleverly blended story. To create a unique effect, comedy, tragedy, and garish features are mixed together throughout. The wide array of writing patterns used by Dickens can be found over the course of the entire book and exemplified in many different chapters. From the instant this novel starts, Dickens establishes himself as a valid writer and his work as a piece worth literary attention. He accomplishes this by first making his story seem grim, as Pip describes the gravestones of his†¦show more content†¦The inclusion of elaborate details of this seemingly harmful man is also another strategy Dickens uses to help readers sympathize with Pip as he faces a more imminent problem. The reader is already invested in Pip after hearing about the fate of his family. Putting Pip in harm’s way not only creates even more sympathy, but also adds the new aspect of suspense. As Pip describes the situations he encounters, he manages to do so in a very unique way. The narration of this story is in first person, but it is told as an aged Pip reflects back on his younger years. This narration gives the novel dramatic irony; the narrator and the reader know what will happen before the actual characters. This irony is typically apparent when Pip comments on his current state, revealing that he is telling this story as an older person. Although this point of view has an influence on the entire book, it serves a unique purpose in the first chapter specifically. The grave situations in chapter one give the story a very serious tone, but this irony helps to give the chapter a lighthearted note as well. At first the situations being described seem urgent but then Pip gives the reader hints that he is older and has survived the situation. Knowing that Pip survives into adulthood helps make some of the descriptions come across as less somber. For example, the scene where the convict is threatening Pip by hanging him by his feet is very intense, but it is made lighter by the reader’sShow MoreRelatedGreat Expectations - Literary Analysis1674 Words   |  7 PagesAn Evaluation of Pip, and His Great Expectations In the year 1860, author Charles Dicken’s began his thirteenth novel, Great Expectations. The work is a coming-of-age novel, which tells the life story of an orphan boy named Pip, who much like Dickens’ in his earlier years is unhappy with his current life. A number of Charles Dickens’ personal life events are mirrored in the novel, leaving Great Expectations to be one of his most autobiographical works. 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Title The Abortion Issue. Analyzes both sides of the...

The Abortion Issue Introduction Abortion has been a very controversial subject over these past few decades. Every time you pick up a paper or magazine it seems there is always some protest regarding abortion, whether it be for fetal rights or womens rights. According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica the definition of abortion is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability (in human beings, usually about the 20th week of gestation). An abortion may occur spontaneously, in which case it is also called a miscarriage, or it may be brought on purposefully, in which case it is often called an induced abortion. This paper will focus only on those abortions which are considered to be induced and will†¦show more content†¦All people have a right to live and under the pro-life view this includes a fetus from the moment of conception. Some argue that the unborn fetus has a right to its mothers body if that woman voluntarily indulges in intercourse (Jarvis Thomson, p.405). They argue that when the women engages in sexual intercourse she is fully aware of the consequences and the possibility that she might conceive a child. For this they say she is responsible for that life that is living inside her. This argument gives the unborn person a right to the mothers body and gives the mother a responsibility for the life because it is dependent on her (Jarvis Thomson, p.405). It should be noted however, that a fetus conceived through rape could not use this defence due to the fact that the sexual intercourse was not voluntary. 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